Isooctane is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₈H₁₈ and CAS Number 540-84-1. Its systematic chemical name is 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane. It is typically supplied as a clear, colourless liquid with a characteristic hydrocarbon odour. It is practically insoluble in water and miscible with many non-polar organic solvents.

Isooctane is valued for its solvent properties and its significance in petroleum analysis. Common laboratory applications include hydrocarbon analysis, preparation of reference mixtures, solvent extraction, and research involving non-polar organic compounds.

In the petroleum industry, Isooctane serves as the reference fuel assigned an octane number of 100 on the conventional octane rating scale. It is used alongside n-heptane in reference fuel mixtures for determining the octane rating of petrol under standardised test conditions.

Its chemical properties make Isooctane useful in analytical chemistry, fuel testing, and general organic chemistry research. The appropriate grade and purity should be selected according to the intended application, particularly when used as an analytical reference material.

KSFE Malaysia supplies laboratory chemicals and scientific products for research institutions, educational facilities, and general laboratory applications.

Safety Note: Isooctane is a highly flammable liquid and vapour. It may cause skin irritation, dizziness, or drowsiness, and presents an aspiration hazard if swallowed and enters the airways. Avoid inhalation of vapours and contact with the eyes and skin. Handle in a well-ventilated area using appropriate personal protective equipment. Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and other ignition sources. Prevent release into drains and the environment, and follow the supplier's safety data sheet (SDS) for handling, storage, and disposal.